Comentario sobre Baba Metziá 3:8
יוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁתוּת לְיַיִן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, חֹמֶשׁ. יוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁלשֶׁת לֻגִּין שֶׁמֶן לְמֵאָה, לֹג וּמֶחֱצָה שְׁמָרִים, לֹג וּמֶחֱצָה בָּלַע. אִם הָיָה שֶׁמֶן מְזֻקָּק, אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁמָרִים. אִם הָיוּ קַנְקַנִּים יְשָׁנִים, אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא לוֹ בָּלַע. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמּוֹכֵר שֶׁמֶן מְזֻקָּק לַחֲבֵרוֹ כָּל יְמוֹת הַשָּׁנָה, הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל עָלָיו לֹג וּמֶחֱצָה שְׁמָרִים לְמֵאָה:
Él deduce un sexto por vino [si deposita vino con él, y se mezcla con su vino. (Los vasos absorben un sexto.)] R. Yehudah dice: Un quinto. [Porque la tierra de la cual se hicieron los vasos en el lugar de R. Yehudah absorbió un quinto; todo de acuerdo con el lugar.] Deduce tres troncos de petróleo a cien—un tronco y medio para lías; Un tronco y medio para la absorción. Si se tratara de petróleo refinado, no deduce las lías. Si fueran vasos viejos, no los deduce por absorción. R. Yehudah dice: Además, si uno vende petróleo refinado a su vecino todos los días del año, él (el comprador) acepta (una deducción de) de uno y medio a cien por lías. [Del mismo modo que estipularon (una deducción por) lías para el depositante, así lo estipularon para el vendedor, a saber: si uno le vende aceite a su vecino y le da de sus jarras el aceite refinado que usa constantemente, el comprador acepta un deducción de un registro y medio a cada cien por lías. La halajá no está de acuerdo con R. Yehudah.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia
English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Metzia
He may exact of him three logs in every one hundred logs of oil one log and a half for sediment and one log and a half for absorption. If the oil was refined he may not exact for sediment. If the jars were old he may not exact for absorption.
Rabbi Judah says: “Also if a man sells to his fellow through the year, the buyer must undertake to accept a reduction of one and a half logs because of sediment.
With wine and oil there are no reductions for mice, as there were with produce, but there are reductions due to sediment and absorption in the sides of the clay vessels which were used at the time. With wine the guardian may exact a reduction of one-sixth or one-fifth according to Rabbi Judah.
With regards to oil it depends on the type of jar and the type of oil. Regular oil is reduced 1½ per cent due to sediment, but refined oil does not produce any sediment and therefore reductions may not be exacted. Regulars jars absorb 1½ per cent but old jars, whose sides are more hardened and have already absorbed oil, do not absorb any oil. Therefore if the jars were old the guardian may not exact a reduction for absorption.
Rabbi Judah adds that not only may a guardian exact a reduction of 1½ per cent the oil returned to the owner, but so too may a person who sells refined oil. In other words if Reuven tells Shimon that he is selling him 100 logs of oil and then gives him refined oil, he only need give him 98 ½ logs since 1½ logs of regular oil would be worthless sediment anyway.